Polysaccarides

TOPIC#7    TYPES OF CARBOHYDRATES

3-POLYSACCHARIDES:

     POLY means many SACCHRIDES means sugars.

Polysaccahrides are polymer of monosacchrides.

or

The type of carbohydrates which gives more than 100 monosaccharides units on hydrolysis.

They are also called as glycans means non sugars.

Properties of polysaccharides:

They hydrolyzed into more than 100 monosaccharides units.

They are complex sugars.

They are tastless.

The have high molecular mass.

They are insoluble in water.

They are mostly present as storage molecule in animals and plants.

EXAMPLES :

1-STARCH:

It is present in green plants and it is polymer of glucose units and it act as stored food for plants .

Plants stored excess of glucose in starch form.

Starch have both branched and unbranched chain.

The branched unit is called amylopectin having beta 1-6 glycosidic bond and insoluble in water.

The unbranched unit is called amylose which have alpha 1-4 glycosidic bond (when glucose is used) and having beta 1-2 glycosidic bond when fructose is used.And it is soluble in water.

Starch gives blue colour when stains with iodine.

2-GlYCOGEN:

It is polymer made up of glucose units and stored in animals and act as stored food.

And it is made up of only branched units.

3-Cellulose:

It is abundant in nature.

It is also glucose polymer but it is present only in plants cell wall and having alpha 1-2 glycosidic bond and it have only unbranched units.

It  glucose bond linking is totally different than glycogen and starch and it is also undigestible in animals because they lack enzyme called cellulase.

Its another example is cotton fibers.

4-CHITIN:

It is also polysaccharides but it have additional aminogroup and it is present in cell wall of of arthopdes where it provide protection role.

It is also non digestible in animals.

IN NEXT BLOG WE WILL SHARE CARBOHYDRATES MCQS AND THEIR ANSWERS.