Mitochondria

TOPIC#11               MITOCHONDRIA

MITOCHONDRIA

   INTRODUCTION

                             It is double membranous ,colourless widely distributed self replicating organelle present inside eukaryotic cytoplasm of cell which fulfill the energy requirements of the cell.

    DISCOVERY  

                            For the first time seen by KALIKER  in 1850 as granules in muscle cells.

   SIZE

       Its size is about 0.1-10 micrometer in length and 0.5-1 micrometer in diameter.

   SHAPE 

          It is found in different forms like vesicles,rods or filaments and also show complex morphology.

      Mostly the mitochondria is oval in shape.

   COMPOSITION 

             It contain Proteins,Lipids,RNA,DNA and 70s ribosome.

    STRUCTURE

      It shape and internal structure vary widely but a mitochondrian bounded by 2 membeanes(outer and inner) .

The outer membrane is smooth,while inner one is infolded into chamber called mitochondrial matrix.These infolds are called CRISTEA(SINGULAR CRISTA).Cristea have same chemical structure as cell membrane it means that it is also made up lipoprotein.

The inner membrane space of the cristae enriched with different enzymes like oxidative enzymes,coenzymes,organic and inorganic salts.As we know the mitochondria is power generating organelle so this inner membrane space is the pathway for reaction like electron transport chain during respiration to produce energy which store in the form of ATP(Adenosine triphosphate).

The inner membrane space of the cristae also contain small knob like structure which is stick out from membrane called as F1 particle also called as elementry particles which play major role in aerobic reaction like ETC and KREBS CYCLE.

MCQ POINT

1-It is also called self replicating organelle because it has own DNA and ribosomes.

2-It is self autonomous organelle.

3-It is also called power house of the cell.

4-It contain 70s ribosomes which also shows its prokaryotic origin.

5-It is absent in mature cells like RBCs .

FUNCTION OF MITOCHONDRIA:

 1-It is the power house of the cell.

2-It stores and genertaes ATP.

3-It is the site for different aerobic reactions like ETC and KREBS CYCLE.

4-Here the energy of organic food transfers into ATP. 

IMPORTANT MCQS IN THIS TOPIC

1-Mitochondria was first seen in which cell:

Answer: MUSCLE CELL AS GRANULES

2-Mitochondria was first seen by:

Answer: KALLIKER IN 1850

3-The mitochondria have which type of ribosomes;

Answer : 70S which shows its prokarytotic origin

4-Mitochondria is mostly found in _ shape:

Answer: OVAL but mostly vary in shape

5-Mitochondria is also called as:

Answer: POWER HOUSE

6-Mitochondria is _type of organelle:

Answer:  SEMIAUTONOMOUS OR SELF REPLICATING

7-Mitochondria inner membrane infloded membranes are called as:

Answer: CRISTAE

8-The cristae is _ in chemical nature:

Answer:  LIPOPROTEIN

9-The length of mitochondria is:

Answer: 0.1-10 micrometer

10-the diameter of mitochondria is:

Answer: 0.5-1 micrometer

11-The mitochondria is the site for which type of reactions:

Answer:  AEROBIC REACTIONS

12-F1 particles are also called as:

Answer:  ELEMENTARY PARTICLES

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